fak10
fak10 · Beta kickoff 11 Nov
How Anna’s knowledge is built
Classes, entities, strings and relations, how it relates to RDF, and what the reasoner infers.
1 · The building blocks of Anna’s knowledge
Class (cls)
a concept: person, place, dog. Classes specify each other: dog under animal.
Entity (com)
one particular someone or something: your sister, your dog, your town. An instance of a class, more statements are made about it.
String (lit)
first name, number, email: no class, no facts of its own, read, not described
Relation (rel)
the predicate: “lives in”, “is older than”. With a node of its own for its meaning.
The graph does not show strings, they are under “Facts”
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2 · Triples: subject – predicate – object
“I have a dog. My sister’s mobile number is 0170 …” becomes:
my dog
entity (com)
↓→is a = instance of
dog
class (cls)
my sister
entity (com)
↓→has mobile number
“0170 …”
string (lit)
dog
class (cls)
↓→specifies
animal
class (cls), prior knowledge
More hangs on every triple: source and further witnesses · time · probability · your OK · negation · modality (can, want, must, may …) · tense · manner (“speaks German fluently”) · reason or condition (because, if, although …)
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3 · Anna and the Semantic Web (RDF)
| Anna | RDF / RDFS / OWL |
|---|---|
| com · lit | resource · literal (string) |
| is a = instance of | rdf:type |
| specifies (dog under animal) | rdfs:subClassOf |
| relation with its own node | rdf:Property, rdfs:domain, rdfs:range |
| “has daughter” is a “has child” | rdfs:subPropertyOf |
| inverse · chain · transitive | owl:inverseOf · property chain · owl:TransitiveProperty |
| exclude each other · same | owl:disjointWith · owl:sameAs |
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4 · The reasoner: what Anna infers herself
Classes from relations
“lives in …” points to a place, so the target is a place
Chains
a parent’s parents are grandparents
Transitive
an ancestor’s ancestor is an ancestor; “older than” too
More precise
“has child” + child female → “has daughter”, and back
Same person?
same first and last name → suggestion, you decide
Still going
started, no end → suggestion: still going
Runs on your iPhone · source “Reasoner” · if a chain’s basis goes, the conclusion goes · estimates are marked as such
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